Fibre Dyeing machine
Loose stock dyeing machine
By allowing the dye fluid to flow through the loose fibres in an exceedingly systematic fashion, loose fibres that are compacted into a cake within the proper casing are coloured.The casing has perforations in both the inner and outer walls. The flow direction of the alcohol may be changed from inside to outside to inside by reversing the direction of circulation.
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| Loose stock dyeing machine |
One of the first loose stock dying devices to be created was the Krantz dyeing machine (see Figure above). is generally employed for loose-material dyeing at temperatures up to 100 °C.
The device has an integrated axial pump that can change the spin and is powered by a V belt.
Yarn Dyeing machines
Hank yarn dyeing has been done traditionally for a very long time in many parts of the world. But now is the right time for chemical processors to look for cutting-edge techniques for dying hank yarn while keeping the following in mind.
(i) Customer preference
(ii) Economy
(iii) Environment protection
(iv) Ease of operation/repeatability of shade
Yarn dyeing can be done by the following three methods.
(ii) Non-mechanised
(iii) Mechanised (partially or completely)
Among the mechanised method of dyeing the following machines are used successfully for dyeing hank yarns.
(a) Open beck type
(b) Cabinet type
(c) Package dyeing
Hank yarn Dyeing machines
(a) Open beck dyeing
There are some ways to dye yarn, such as using cheese, varying bank cep, and others. The figure below illustrates open beck dyeing in its most simple configuration.
The beck could be a sizable tank product of stainless steel with a water inlet. There are provisions for heating the dye liquid.
Typically, an appropriate fuel is burned under the tank to provide heat. The dye fluid is contained within the tanks, and several other hanks suspended on flat chrome steel rods are made to dip within the bath and are manually rotated on an everyday basis.
To dip the hanks within the dye liquor, two workers who are stationed on either side of the tank lift each rod carrying a variety of hanks and invert their position with the help of another rod.
When flat, straight rods are accustomed to support the hanks, a number of the hanks are always above the liquid level because the rods rest on the walls of the tank.
This might end in uneven dying. However, unevenness is prevented in actual practice because the hanks are often reversed.
Because a bit of the hank that remains above the fluid level is continuously exposed when vat dyes are applied, sodium hydrosulphite consumption rises.
In these situations, bent rods might be employed to make sure that the whole hank is submerged within the dye solution. In the Figure below, a bent rod with hanks is seen.
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| Bent rod for suspending hanks in an open beck dye bath |
The rods used to hang the hanks may be made of stainless steel, which has the advantages of being durable, easy to clean, and not being stained by dye liquor.
But they are expensive. Wooden rods can be stained by dyes and are challenging to clean. To dye hanks with the same colour, a set of wooden rods can be placed aside because wood is inexpensive.
Questions -
- How fibre dyeing machine works?
- Explain the loose stock dyeing machine.
- How yarn dyeing machine works?
- How Open beck dyeing machine works for yarn hank?
References
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Get to know about chemical processing of textile materials. (2022, May 10). ECHEMI. https://www.echemi.com/cms/640314.html
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Vigo, T. L. (2014). Textile processing and properties: Preparation, dyeing, finishing and performance: Preparation, dyeing, finishing and performance (1st ed.). Elsevier Science & Technology. https://www.elsevier.com/books/textile-processing-and-properties/vigo/978-0-444-88224-0?country=GB&format=print&utm_source=google_ads&utm_medium=paid_search&utm_campaign=ukshopping&gclid=CjwKCAiAhqCdBhB0EiwAH8M_Gn3kr_d2paqVzccxckWobOsLcwl0cD_Mu6vA5I-eqFARiZwx32eUOxoC-LMQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds
(N.d.). Textilelearner.net. from https://textilelearner.net/flow-chart-of-textile-wet-processing/
Introduction to dyeing and dyehouse automation. (2014). In Modelling, Simulation and Control of the Dyeing Process (pp. 1–30). Elsevier.
Ladha, D. (2009, January 17). Dyeing. Fibre2fashion.com; Fibre2Fashion. https://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/3871/dyeing
PGupta. (2019, June 7). Textile dyeing methods and techniques. FeltMagnet. https://feltmagnet.com/textiles-sewing/Fabric-Dyeing-And-Methods-Techniques-of-Dyeing
Priya, K. (2010, November 10). Textile dyeing. Textile School. https://www.textileschool.com/354/dyeing-methods-of-textile-dyeing/
Textile Full Dyeing Process. (2021, August 26). Middle East Africa Textile News - Kohan Textile Journal. https://kohantextilejournal.com/textile-full-dyeing-process/
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