Dyeing machines
There are many alternative ways to dye textile materials, including loose stock, yarn (in the shape of hanks, cheese, cones, warps, etc.), cloth (woven and knitted), and clothing.
Various types of machinery are needed for dyeing various forms of textiles since different textile types require different handling techniques for the fabric to be coloured.
Textile materials are often handled using batch, semi-continuous, and continuous dyeing methods by using various dyeing techniques and machinery. Instruction execution is an option for material that's in yarn or clothing form.
Principles of Dyeing Machine Construction
Most often a Physico-chemical process, dyeing can also be a chemical process.
It fundamentally involves a transit event, when the dye molecule exits one medium, like water, and enters the fibre material.
The uniform application of the dye and maximum dye use in a suitable amount of time is essential for practical dyeing to be successful and economically viable.
Typically, five types of energy are used to do this:
(i) Chemical
(ii) Thermal
(iii) Mechanical
(iv) Fluid
(v) Aerodynamics
The two fundamental building blocks of typical dyeing machines are either the movement of the fabric to be coloured through an essentially immobile dye fluid, or the movement of the dye liquor through a hard and fast package of the fabric.
Chemical, thermal, and energy can all be effectively employed in these machines. to assure quick and even dyeing, modern machines are designed that use significant K.E. within the sort of swiftly moving fluid and additionally to the opposite three forms of energy. These devices are observed as quick dyeing machines.
The basic requirements of a dyeing machine are as follows
(ii) The artefact must be ready to endure the impacts of all colouring chemicals, even at high temperatures.
(iii) The alcohol should be heated evenly throughout.
(iv) There should be a mechanism to feature the dyestuff to the majority liquor so that it mixes there before being added to the fibre.
(v) Electric motors and every other moving part have to be shielded from the corrosive effects of steam and also the acidic atmosphere.
The following are the desirable features of dyeing machines
(ii) to forestall the liquor from becoming diluted during dyeing, a closed steam line with a steam trap for condensed water is required.
(iii) It should be possible to seek out automatic temperature control systems that may control how quickly dye baths heat up.
(iv) Dyeing equipment has to be shielded from corrosion caused by the dye house's humid environment.
(v) to stop any unlevel dyeing, it's important to form efficient arrangements for the flow of the things and alcohol.
Material of construction of dyeing machinery
The chemicals that are frequently utilised shouldn't have control over the materials accustomed make dyeing equipment.
Additionally, the fabric from which the machine is constructed should not be impacted by the colours and chemicals used for dyeing.
For the development of dyeing machines, typically chemically resistant chrome steel with large amounts of chromium, nickel, tungsten, or molybdenum and a little amount of carbon is employed.
Questions -
- Explain the dyeing machine in brief.
- What is the principle of dyeing machine design?
- What are the objectives of the dyeing machine?
References
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