Skip to main content

Application of direct dyes

Application of direct dyes -

In machines that may operate at atmospheric pressure, direct dyes are often added with electrolytes at or near the boil.
However, it's only permitted in HTHP dyeing machines at temperatures above boiling within the case of pure still as blended yarns.

Direct dyed fabric
Direct dyed fabric

Different cellulosic materials are dyed using direct dyes. they'll be dyed within the varieties of fibre, yarn, textiles, and clothing. they'll be utilized in the subsequent procedures: 

(a) Exhaust process
(b) Semi-continuous process
(c) Continuous process

Dye uptake from initial stage

With acid-sensitive direct dyes and H2O, the addition of alkali, often salt, could also be made to boost the dye solubilization.

When cellulose is submerged during a dyestuff solution, the dye is absorbed until equilibrium is reached, at which point the bulk of the dye is absorbed by the fibre. 

Each dye encompasses a different rate of equilibrium depletion and absorption. the quantity of dye absorbed by the fibre about the quantity still within the dyebath is understood because of the substantivity of the dye for cellulose. 

The dyeing process involves two steps: 

(i) Preparation of the dye bath and 
(ii) Dyeing

Explanation- 

Preparation of the dye bath - 

By pasting the dye with a small amount of water and sodium carbonate, the dye is countermined. 

The paste should then be continuously stirred while boiling water is added. 

If pasting isn't done before adding boiling water, the dye may bulk up, which can cause dyeing to be speckled. 

Typically, stock solutions (also referred to as concentrated solutions) are made, and therefore the necessary amount of those solutions is then used for dyeing.

Typical Dye Bath formulation - 

Recipe

Quantity

Dyestuff (direct dyes)

X%

Soda ash

Up to an equal weight of the dye

Common salt

Light shade 5%


Medium shade 10%


Dark shade 20%(owf)

Temperature

Boil

Time

45 to 60 minutes


Direct dyed fabric
Dye bath machine

Process-

(1) According to the recipe, the dye bath should be prepared;
(2) the water should be adjusted to the MLR of various fabrics;
(3) well-prepared fabric, or (RFD) ready for dyeing fabric, should be taken and immersed in the dye bath;
(4) temperature rises slowly to boiling; 
(6) add salt in two instalments.
(7) dyeing at a boil for 45 to 60 minutes; and 
(8) after dyeing, the fabric should be dried. 


Process sequence -

Dyeing > Washing > After-treatment 

Dye bath variables must be considered for level dyeing. - 

(1) Temperature of Dyeing and rate of heating 
(2) Electrolyte concentration and addition  
(3) Time
(4) Dye solubility 
(5) Use of levelling agent 

Drying of dyed fabric
Drying of dyed fabric

Questions -

  1. Which applications of direct dyes are useful?
  2. Describe the preparation of the dye bath.
  3. What is the process for dye bath preparation?

References

Chakrabarti, R., & Mehta, N. (2008, November 8). Quick Level Dyeing of Direct Dyes. Fibre2fashion.com; Fibre2Fashion. https://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/3742/quick-and-level-dyeing-of-direct-dyes-dyrite-process

Clark, M. (2011). Handbook of textile and industrial dyeing: Principles, processes and types of dyes (Matthew Clark, Ed.). Woodhead Publishing.

Hasin, S. (2020, July 16). All about direct dyes. Textile Property. https://www.textileproperty.com/direct-dyes/

Sayed, A. (n.d.). Direct dye: An overview [A to Z]. Blogspot.com. from https://textileapex.blogspot.com/2015/01/direct-dye.html

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. (1998). direct dye. In Encyclopedia Britannica.

Trivedi, Y. (2020, November 18). Dyeing of cotton fabric with direct dyes. Textilesphere.com. https://www.textilesphere.com/2020/11/dyeing-of-cotton-with-direct-dyes.html



Further read,

 


Writer
 - Rushikesh Patil (Textile Engineer)
(DKTE Society textile engineering college Ichalkaranji)
Email Id - rushikeshpatil23052002@gmail.com


Popular posts from this blog

Any query? then tell us

Name

Email *

Message *