Amount of shrinkage applied to the fabric
The amount and types of shrinkage need to add to the fabric completely depend on the shrinkage potential of grey fabrics.
The shrinkage potential of grey fabric is measured in the textile laboratory in 3 parameters.
The first parameter is Warp shrinkage potential.
To measure warp shrinkage potential in the lab, Mark 1 m distance from the warp side of the fabric in a small fabric sample and then wash that sample properly. (Or prepared 1 m lengthwise sample)
After washing, observe the reduction of marking change. (Or measured 1 m sample length, it permanently reduced.)
According to variation, figured out shrinkage percentage. This reduction of rate is warp shrinkage potential.
The second parameter is weft shrinkage potential.
To measure weft shrinkage potential in the lab, Mark 1 m distance from the weft side of the fabric in a small fabric sample and then wash that sample properly. (Or measure width of the sample and then wash it)
After washing, observe a reduction of marking change. (Or the measured width of the sample, it permanently reduced.)
According to variation, figured out shrinkage percentage. This reduction of rate is weft shrinkage potential.
The third parameter is skew shrinkage potential.
To measure skew shrinkage potential in the lab, Draw a diagonal line or measure that line of the small fabric sample and then wash that sample properly. (Or measured the diagonal length of the sample and then wash)
After washing, observe a reduction of marking change. (Or measured diagonal line length of the sample, it permanently reduced.)
According to variation, figured out shrinkage percentage. This reduction of percentage is skew shrinkage potential.
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| Fabric shrinkage test by washing |
(In general, Balanced twill threads tend to more change in their position during washing because in this twill type weft and warp threads are under higher tension.
In the case of Unbalanced twill, threads tend to less change their position during washing because in this twill type Weft threads are under lesser tension.)
After measurement of these three potential parameters, Applied shrinkage on the fabric was according to the potential data in the finishing department.
I.e. - For 10 % warp shrinkage potential applied 10% shrinkage in the fabric by its lengthwise.
That means 100 m of the length of the fabric is converted into 90 m length after warp shrinkage.
Applied shrinkage as its potential value makes the fabric dimensionally stable.
Questions -
- How the amount of shrinkage is determined?
- What is warp shrinkage potential?
- What is weft shrinkage potential?
- What is skew shrinkage potential?
References
Hakoo, A. (2021, May 9). Denim fabric weaving - the manufacturing process, methods, and technologies. Textile School. https://www.textileschool.com/6890/denim-weaving-manufacturing-methods-and-technologies/
Pipon, M. (2020, August 7). Manufacturing Process of denim garments. TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN. https://textilevaluechain.in/in-depth-analysis/articles/textile-articles/manufacturing-process-of-denim-garments/
Sarkar, P. (2017, June 4). Denim fabric manufacturing process –the learner’s guide. Blogger. https://www.onlineclothingstudy.com/2017/06/denim-fabric-manufacturing-process.html
Shaikat, N. M. (2018, September 17). Denim Manufacturing Process, Types and uses [updated]. ORDNUR. https://ordnur.com/jeans/what-is-denim/
Types of denim fabric used in garment manufacturing. (2015, August 1). Garments Merchandising. https://garmentsmerchandising.com/types-of-denim-fabric-used-in-garments-manufacturing/
What is Denim Fabric: Properties, How it's Made and Where. (2019, November 11). Sewport. https://sewport.com/fabrics-directory/denim-fabric
Wikipedia contributors. Denim. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Denim&oldid=1127607695
(N.d.-a). Textilelearner.net. from https://textilelearner.net/denim-jeans-production-process/
(N.d.-b). Masterclass.com. https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-denim-fabric-a-guide-to-the-history-of-denim
- Further reading
- Part-1 Finishing process of denim fabric
- Part-2 Wetting process of denim fabric
- Part-3 Shrinkage process of denim fabric
- Part-4 Amount of shrinkage applied on the denim fabric
- Part-5 Variable factors of the denim finish process
Writer - DSPAT Team
