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Fabric testing

Fabric testing Introduction

  • Textile testing is important, mainly for customer satisfaction with textile production as well as to ensure product quality for the market in which the textile manufacturer competes. In the textile testing process, Fabric testing has a vital and wide-ranged area. 
DSPAT Fabric testing lab
Fabric testing Lab


Fabric testing

  • Fabric testing is the heart portion of the weaving and garment industry.
  • Management of the weaving process and garment production completely depends on the desired fabric quality, which can be estimated in the testing Lab. 
  • Testing is also important to control the manufacturing process and cost. In the textile industry, it is very important to use testing to control the manufacturing process for cost and other reasons. 
  • A proper testing program is a vital ingredient of the efficient manufacturing business and satisfaction sales of fabric.
  • Apart from the weaving industry, fabric testing also touch on the dying, printing, and fashion design industry.
  • The weaving department tests their produced fabric to maintain its inner process, and quality, and fulfil the demands of fabric buyers.
  • Weaver estimate yarn about its parameters like yarn count, slub hairiness, and yarn type and according to that creates a fabric that will go for testing.
  • Weaver uses fabric testing to check their fabric quality, and strength and understand the properties of that fabric depending on yarn characteristics.
  • Garment manufacturers also used fabric testing to some extent in the selection of fabric, analysing costing, and deciding types of final garments according to fabric quality used for producing those garments.
  • Fabric testing generally includes fabric composition, physical and mechanical testing, chemical testing, permeability, and fabric comfort.
  • However, for more research and analysis purposes, frictional properties abrasion, elongation, moisture effects, and colour variation of the fabric were also measured in the testing lab.
  • It is vital to estimate the textile fabric’s performance during its end use and in the processing house by testing. 
  • Fashion merchandisers, apparel designers, interior designers, and textile scientists who have an understanding of textile properties and testing are equipped to make decisions that will benefit their clients and enhance profits for their businesses. 
  • Knowledge of fabric testing and its performance analysis can contribute to efficiency in solving consumer problems with textile products, and to the development of products that perform acceptably for consumers. 
  • In modern days, fabric testing is converted into quick result tests.
  • Quality considerations are mandated by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), which has forced suppliers to update testing methods, explore opportunities for more rapid testing, and develop entirely new test methods. The main reason behind this is the globalization of the textile industry. 
  • Textile Materials like yarn, fabric, and garments are traded throughout the globe. This circumstance leads to an increment in necessitates of the testing.
  • To face this situation technicians of the entire world have been constantly involved in the development and improvement of methods of fabric testing to meet the ever-growing globalization and quality requirements. In addition, it gives a more accurate idea regarding fabric properties and their application.
  • Fabric testing can be broadly classified into two categories. One is a visual examination and the second is the objective evaluation. 
  • The visual examination of fabrics includes evaluating fabric parameters like texture, surface characteristics, dye shade variations, design details, weave patterns, construction particulars, pilling assessment measured and estimating these parameters by once experience or by once perspectives.
  • The subjective or objective measurement techniques of fabric evaluation by determining the above properties of fabrics by various testing instruments and methods.
  • Commercial testing of fabrics by private and governmental nodal agencies has made tremendous progress as these agencies have set up their laboratories throughout the world to undertake the testing of fabrics according to international standards. Laboratories such as AATCC, SGS, TRI, the Atlas Material Testing Laboratory in the USA, the Hohenstein Institutes in Germany, the Centro Controllo Tessile in Italy, the Korea Textile Inspection and Testing Institute in Korea, Covitex in Europe, Contexbel in Belgium, Intex in the Czech Republic, BTTG in the UK, the Textiles Committee and SGS in India, etc., have been continuously catering to the needs of the industry and the exporters. 
  • Generally, fabric manufacturers have their own fabric testing or lab procedures. In addition to the recommendations of the above professional organizations, New and innovative fabrics that are coming onto the market, such as intelligent fabrics, nano-textiles, medical implants, and various technical fabrics, must be watched carefully and new testing schemes must be introduced to ensure the performance of these fabrics and their acceptance by customers. 
  • The textile industry is in the way of constant growth and innovations nowadays. With the introduction of new types of fibres, yarns, and fabrics for high-end applications, the testing for the performance of these new materials has to undergo rapid changes and take new dimensions. 


(Topics covered in this blog channel


(Content chart / Classification  - Open Notion fabric testing page/end page)


Questions - 

  1. Why fabric testing is done?
  2. Which properties are tested on fabric?

References

Booth, J. E. :. (n.d.). Principles of textile testing an introduction to physical methods of testing textile fibres, yarns, and fabrics. London: National Trade Press Ltd,1961. from https://www.abebooks.co.uk/Principles-Textile-Testing-Introduction-Physical-Methods/19989810376/bd

Cenote, M. (2015). Google Books. In The SAGE Guide to Key Issues in Mass Media Ethics and Law (pp. 847–858). SAGE Publications, Inc.

Ferreiro López-Riobóo, J. I. (2015). Long-term (2001–2012) study of a proficiency testing scheme for textiles. Accreditation and Quality Assurance, 20(4), 239–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-015-1128-1

TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN. (2020, May 5). Textile Testing and quality control. TEXTILE VALUE CHAIN. https://textilevaluechain.in/in-depth-analysis/articles/textile-articles/textile-testing-and-quality-control/



Writer - DSPAT Team

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